Ancient Egypt: Medicine. If one had to be ill in ancient times, the best place to do so would probably have been Egypt. Not that an Egyptian's chances of survival would have been significantly better than those of his foreign contemporaries, but at least he he had the satisfaction of being treated by physicians whose art was renowned all over the ancient world. The Egyptians explained them as the work of the gods, caused by the presence of evil spirits or their poisons, and cleansing the body was the way to rid the body of their influence. Women enjoyed many liberties that disappeared in successive cultures, such as the right to own. Papyrus is a plant (cyperus papyrus) which once grew in abundance, primarily in the wilds of the Egyptian Delta but also elsewhere in the Nile River Valley, but is. Incantations, prayers to the gods - above all to Sekhmet, the goddess of healing, curses, and threats, often accompanied by the injection of nasty smelling and tasting medicines into the various bodily orifices, were hoped to prove effective. Amen's) name. May it be my physician,May it drive pain away from me. Lichtheim, Ancient Egyptian Literature, Volume III, p. Preventive measures included prayers and various kinds of magic, above all the wearing of amulets. The importance of the diet was partially recognized . Milk and milk products were just occasionally consumed, as were legumes, seeds and oil. First, to discover the nature of the particular entity possessing the person and then attack, drive it out, or otherwise destroy it. This was done by some powerful magic for which rituals, spells, incantations, talismans and amulets were used. Sekhmet priests seem also to have been involved in the prevention of plagues, inspection of sacrificial animals and even veterinary medicine. Other healers like the zwn. After Thutemhab had seen the princess and concluded that she was possessed of a spirit, he returned to Egypt, and Khonsu- in- Thebes- Beautiful- Rest agreed . Mummification Process in Ancient Egypt. Mummification was reserved for the richest and most powerful in Egyptian society. The process was long and expensive. Like the Ancient Romans, the Ancient Egyptians also believed that a woman’s time of the month was a bit of sorcery. They tried to harness the magic they believed to. Then the chief of Bekhten came, with his soldiers and his nobles, before Khonsu- the- Plan- Maker. He threw himself upon his belly, saying: . Ancient egyptian diet. What they ate in ancient egypt. Information. Text with illustrations. Ancient Israelite cuisine refers to the food eaten by the ancient Israelites during a period of over a thousand years, from the beginning of the Israelite presence in. An extensive personal collection of articles and photographs covering art, architecture, society, and religious practices. Kids learn about Ancient Egyptian food, jobs, and daily Life. The history of this world civilization. Then he wrought the protection of the daughter of the chief of Bekhten. She became well immediately. A section in the Papyrus Ebers . One spell, recited before taking an herbal remedy, reads as follows: ! Come thou who expellest (evil) things in this my stomach and in these my limbs! Millions of times. Medicine is effective together with magic. According to Herodotus there was a high degree of specialization among physicians . Each physician treats just one disease. The country is full of physicians, some treat the eye, some the teeth, some of what belongs to the abdomen, and others internal diseases. It has also been suggested that the Houses of Life, associated with Sekhmet, were teaching centres for physicians. A few days later it happened that the chief physician went to his fathers (i. Lichtheim: Ancient Egyptian Literature Vol. Like all scribal professions medicine was a domain dominated by men. But occasionally women succeeded not just in acquiring medical knowledge but also in climbing to the top of the scribal hierarchy. An Old Kingdom female physician named Peseshet left a stela which recorded her positions of Overseer of Funerary Priestesses and of Overseer of Female Physicians . He seems to have had some medical knowledge, knew how to prepare medicines and made home visits. The Edwin Smith Papyrus for instance opens with eight texts concerning head wounds, followed by nineteen treatments of wounds to the face (forehead, eyebrows, nose, cheeks, temples, mouth, chin), six descriptions of how to deal with injuries to throat and neck, five dealing with collar- bones and arms, and seven with chest complaints. It appears that all this knowledge dates to the third millennium BCE, even though the papyrus itself is of a much later date. Some important notions concerning the nervous system originated with the Egyptians, a word for brain is used here for the first time in any written language. They had some anatomical knowledge though, had made the connection between pulse and heart, but did not have any understanding of the circulation of the blood. Now if the priests of Sekhmet or any physician . The anatomical properties they were best aware of were superficial, pertaining to accessible body parts such as bones of limbs or the infants' fontanelles. Often we cannot translate the specialist expressions used in the medical texts, both of the affected body parts such as the mt. Sometimes their knowledge was either not very exact or unfortunately expressed. One will wonder for a few moments underneath what the bronchi were to be found. Their heads are attached to the upper bone of his breast to his throat, over which is the flesh of his gorge, that is the flesh that is over his bosom. Two ducts (i. e. Skeletons with broken arms that had been set, a man who had survived the amputation of a leg by fourteen years and another brain surgery by two years. Maspero, Etudes de mythologie et d'ach. Moreover they had a tried and true spell to go with it. May you flow out, catarrh, son of catarrh, who breaks the bones, who destroys the skull, who hacks in the marrow, who causes the seven openings in the head to ache. The Ebers Papyrus addresses some of the symptoms of the disease and in two columns discusses treatment and prevention of bleeding in the urinal tract (haematuria) . The Hearst Papyrus cites antimony disulfide as a remedy . The following charm has been interpreted as referring to the plague, as one of its symptoms is a dark discoloration of the skin. Spell for the disease of the Asiatics: Who is all- knowing like Re? Who is thus all- knowing? This god who blackens the body with char- coal? May this Highest God be seized! This disease was not very prevalent but caused immense suffering to its victims. The ubiquity of water during the inundation brought with it a different set of ailments, chief among them probably malaria, which were the main cause for mortality in late autumn; while the cooler weather of autumn and winter seems to have favoured the outbreak of respiratory illnesses. Human tuberculosis . Some think that leprosy originated in Egypt and spread to the Levant and Europe along the migration and trade routes, others contend that there is no proof of its existence in ancient times. In ancient Egypt they were at least in part prevented by the application of bactericidal eye paint. The ingredients of some of the remedies may not have been as difficult to come by in a civilisation, where the brain of the dead was removed in little bits from the skull during mummification and discarded, as it would be in a modern western country. Prescription for the eye, to be used for all diseases which occur in this organ: Human brain, divide into its two halves, mix one half with honey, smear on the eye in the evening, dry the other half, mash, sift, smear on the eye in the morning. Maspero, Etudes de mythologie et d'ach. Those who survived into old age were victims of the same infirmities that still plague the aged like cardio- vascular diseases . Their causes may have been environmental, nutritional or social. Inbreeding, not infrequent among the royals, was probably also not rare among the common people largely bound to the soil: the occurrence of a sixth finger or toe in mummies, interpreted by some as the result of inbreeding, has been noted a number of times, as has the high incidence of spina bifida occulta in the Bahariye Oasis during Graeco- Roman times. When lockjaw set in due to a tetanus infection, physicians knew they were powerless against this affliction. Thou shouldst say regarding him: . An ailment not to be treated. There was a store of knowledge concerning women, as is reflected in the Kahun Gynaecological papyrus, the Greater Berlin Papyrus and others, which dealt with urinary problems, pains in the abdomen, legs and genitals, fertility and conception. There were times when malnutrition was widespread. Prehistoric dental records suggest that health was poor during much of that period, and improved with the increasing adoption of agriculture; . Grown males reached a height of about 1. Middle Kingdom . Remains of 4. Giza during the first millennium BCE and discovered by Mark Lehner's AERA, show signs of malnutrition. Because of vitamin and other deficiencies . The plant medicines mentioned in the Ebers papyrus for instance include opium, cannabis, myrrh, frankincense, fennel, cassia, senna, thyme, henna, juniper, aloe, linseed and castor oil - though some of the translations are less than certain. Cloves of garlic have been found in Egyptian burial sites, including the tomb of Tutankhamen and in the sacred underground temple of the bulls at Saqqara. Many herbs were steeped in wine, which was then drunk as an oral medicine. Raw garlic was routinely given to asthmatics and to those suffering with bronchial- pulmonary complaints. Onions helped against problems of the digestive system. This can be used to gargle and rinse the mouth, or taken internally to treat sore throats and toothache. Another way to take garlic both for prevention as well as treatment is to macerate several cloves of mashed garlic in olive oil. Applied as an external liniment or taken internally it is beneficial for bronchial and lung complaints including colds. A freshly peeled clove of raw garlic wrapped in muslin or cheesecloth and pinned to the undergarment is hoped to protect against infectious diseases such as colds and influenza. Sativum (e. g. Both the seeds and the plant were used as a spice in cooking to prevent and eliminate flatulence, they were also taken as a tea for stomach and all kinds of urinary complaints including cystitis. Coriander leaves were commonly added fresh to spicy foods to moderate their irritating effects. It was one of the herbs offered to the gods by the king, and seeds were found in the tomb of Tutankhamen and in other ancient burial sites. The seeds were considered to be a stimulant and effective against flatulence. They were often used together with coriander for flavouring. Cumin powder mixed with some wheat flour as a binder and a little water was applied to relieve the pain of any aching or arthritic joints. Egyptian Papyrus - Ancient History Encyclopedia. Papyrus is a plant (cyperus papyrus) which once grew in abundance, primarily in the wilds of the Egyptian Delta but also elsewhere in the Nile River Valley, but is now quite rare. Papyrus buds opened from a horizontal root growing in shallow fresh water and the deeply saturated Delta mud. Stalks reached up to 1. These plants once were simply part of the natural vegetation of the region, but once people found a utilitarian purpose for them, they were cultivated and managed in farms, harvested heavily, and their supply depleted. Papyrus still exists in Egypt today but in greatly reduced number. Papyrus was used as a food source, to make rope, for sandals, for boxes and baskets and mats, as window shades, material for toys such as dolls, as amulets to ward off throat diseases, and even to make small fishing boats. It also played a part in religious devotion as it was often bound together to form the symbol of the ankh and offered to the gods as a gift. Papyrus also served as a political symbol through its use in the Sma- Tawy, the insignia of the unity of Upper and Lower Egypt. This symbol is a bouquet of papyrus (associated with the Delta of Lower Egypt) bound with a lotus (the symbol of Upper Egypt). Besides writing, papyrus was used as a food source, to make rope, for sandals, as window shades, material for toys such as dolls, as amulets to ward off throat diseases, & even to make small fishing boats. The plant may also be seen etched in stone on temples and monuments, symbolizing life and eternity as the Egyptian afterlife, known as the Field of Reeds, was thought to mirror the fertile Nile River Valley right down to the abundance of papyrus. The name 'Field of Reeds' actually refers to the reeds of the papyrus plant. At the same time, however, the papyrus thicket represented the unknown and the forces of chaos. Kings are regularly depicted hunting in the papyrus fields of the Delta to symbolize the imposition of order over chaos. The dark and mysterious nature of the papyrus fields were frequently employed as a motif in mythology. Papyrus fields feature in a number of important myths; most notably that of Osiris and Isis after Osiris is murdered by his brother Set and Isis hides their child Horus in the marshes of the Delta. The papyrus reeds, in this case, hid the mother and child from Set's intentions to kill Horus and so again symbolize order prevailing over disorder and light over darkness. Name & Processing. Papyrus is the Greek name for the plant and may come from the Egyptian word papuro (also given as pa- per- aa) meaning 'the royal' or 'that of the pharaoh' because the central government had control of papyrus processing as they owned the land and, later, oversaw the farms the plant grew on. The ancient Egyptians called the plant djet or tjufi or wadj, forms of the concept of freshness. Wadj further denotes lushness, flourishing, greenness. Once papyrus was cut, harvested, and processed into rolls, it was called djema which may mean 'clean' or 'open' in reference to the fresh writing surface. Papyrus was harvested from the beginning of the Predynastic Period in Egypt (c. BCE) and continued to be throughout Egypt's history down to the Ptolemaic Dynasty (3. BCE) and into Roman Egypt (3. BCE - c. Field workers would harvest the plants from the marsh by cutting them at the bottom with sharp blades, bundling the stalks together, and carrying them to some conveyance which brought them to a processing center. Historian Margaret Bunson describes the process whereby the plants were made into workable sheets: The stem of the papyrus plant was cut into thin strips which were laid side by side in perpendicular fashion. A solution of resin from the plant was laid down and a second layer of papyrus was put into place, horizontally. The two layers were then pressed and allowed to dry. Immense rolls of papyrus could be made by joining the single sheets.. The sides of a papyrus where the fibers run horizontally are the recto and, where the fibers run vertically, the verso. The recto was preferred but the verso was used for documents as well, allowing two separate texts to be included on a single papyrus. These were arranged side by side and crosswise in two layers and were then beaten into sheets. Then the individual pages were stuck together in the same way to form a standard roll of twenty pages; sometimes the rolls were stuck together as required to provide an even longer writing surface. After drying in the sun the full strip was rolled up with the horizontal fibers on the inside. This was the . Although papyrus is closely associated with writing in general, it was actually mostly used only for religious and government texts because manufacturing costs were fairly expensive. Not only was the manual labor in the fields and marshes costly, it took skilled workers to methodically beat and process the plant without destroying it. All of the extant papyri are from temples, government offices, or personal collections of wealthy or at least well- off individuals. Written works often appear on pieces of wood, stone, or ostraca (shards from clay pots). The image of the Egyptian scribe hunched over his papyrus scroll is accurate, but long before he got his hands on that scroll, he would have spent literally years practicing writing on potsherds, chunks of stone, and pieces of wood. Uses & Examples. The scribes of ancient Egypt spent years learning their craft and, even if they were from wealthy families, they still were not allowed to waste precious material on their lessons. David notes that . These were often used by schoolboys for their letters and exercises. Only once one had mastered the basics of writing was one allowed to practice on a papyrus scroll. David notes how exercises found practiced on ostraca are sometimes duplicated on papyrus, which often supplies missing words or phrases to works which are incomplete in either form. As a writing material, papyrus was used for hymns, religious texts, spiritual admonitions, letters, official documents, proclamations, love poems, medical texts, scientific or technical manuals, record- keeping, magical treatises, and literature. Extant scrolls range from fragments to one page to the famous Ebers Papyrus which is 1. The Ebers Papyrus is a medical text which is routinely cited as evidence of how medicine and magic were interrelated in ancient Egypt. Along with other papyrus scrolls like the Kahun Gynaecological Papyrus, the London Medical Papyrus, and the Edwin Smith Papyrus, to name only a few, these works attest to the vast medical knowledge and skill of the ancient Egyptians and how they went about addressing major and minor injuries, various ailments, and serious conditions such as cancer and heart disease. Cases of anxiety, depression, and trauma are also dealt with in the medical texts of Egypt as are subjects like abortion, birth control, menstrual cramps, and infertility. Papyrus was also, of course, used for literary texts. The term 'literature' is commonly applied to an array of ancient Egyptian works from medical texts, royal decrees and proclamations, letters, autobiographies and biographies, religious texts, and others besides works of the imagination. A number of these works were inscribed in tombs, on temple walls, or on stele and obelisks while those which fit the common definition of 'literature' were written on papyrus. Some of the best known are The Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor, The Report of Wenamun, and The Tale of Sinuhe, but there are many others. Ancient Egyptian scribes wrote in black and red ink. Red was used for the names of demons or evil spirits, to mark the beginning of a new paragraph, for emphasis of a word or passage, and for punctuation in some cases. Scribes carried a wooden case which held cakes of black and red paint and a water flask to mix and dilute the paint into ink. The pen was initially a thin reed with a soft tip but was replaced in the third century BCE by the stylus, a more robust reed sharpened to a very fine point. A scribe would begin a work on the recto of the papyrus roll, write until it was filled, and then flip it over to continue the text on the verso. In some instances, a papyrus roll on which only the recto had been used would be taken by another scribe and used for another work, either complementary or completely unrelated. As noted, however, papyrus was not used exclusively for writing. The plant could be baked and eaten, and Herodotus reports that the papyrus root was a staple of the Egyptian diet. It was cut and prepared in a variety of dishes much as the later potato came to be in other cultures. Papyrus was not only a food source but leaned itself to an incredibly diverse range of uses. The earliest Egyptian skiffs were made by tightly weaving stalks of papyrus and binding them with rope, also made of papyrus. This technique created a light- weight water- tight boat which could easily be carried by hunters or fishermen. The papyrus skiff is featured in numerous tomb and temple paintings and has a markedly different, more linear, shape than later wooden boats built on the same design. Papyrus continued to be a significant aspect of the Egyptian boat even after wood replaced it as the primary material. When small wooden vessels were developed into large sailing ships, the plant was woven into ropes for the sails. Papyrus rope, however, was used for a number of purposes besides sailing and papyrus fiber, which was quite strong, proved useful in other products. Mats and window shades were woven through a technique similar to that used to make writing material. The shafts of the plant were set down vertically and then woven with others horizontally and pulled tightly; they were then bound with a thinner fiber from the plant. Sandals were made by coiling the papyrus and were so sturdy that many examples of them have been found thousands of years after they were made still in good condition.
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Start a Free Trial Today. You can use the tools in Weight Loss Resources to review your normal diet and make small changes that will help you lose weight in a way. Close to 2 million women have discovered Gary Heavin's secret to permanent weight loss at. Read the latest Cardiology news, opinion, conference coverage, thought leader perspectives, medical journal articles and more from theheart.org and Medscape. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major health problem worldwide.1 Fortunately, its development can be prevented in many instances,2 and persons at risk can be readily. An error occurred while setting your user cookie. Please set your. browser to accept cookies to continue. This cookie stores just a. ID; no other information is captured. Accepting the NEJM cookie is. The Scripps Research Institute undertakes basic biomedical research, primarily in laboratory settings, to learn how the human body operates on all levels. The Pros and Cons of Genetic Testing A $99 at-home test can detail our genome profile and assess our risk of contracting disease. But is that good news or bad news? Dr Topol: Music has been a big part of your life. When did that become rooted? Dr Sabeti: That was not until graduate school. I have liked music my whole life and. Atherosclerosis (also known as arteriosclerotic vascular disease or ASVD) is a specific form of arteriosclerosis in which an artery wall thickens as a result of. The blood type diet is based on the belief of naturopath James D'Adamo that one's diet should be determined by one's blood type. Like many self-confident mavericks. The past decade has seen rapid development and adoption of technologies that change the way we live. But which technologies will have a similarly transformative. PEO Solution - Conquering Cancer, Diabetes and Heart Disease with Parent Essential Oils . Peskin, M.D. Robert Jay Rowen. Why is salt bad for our health? Salt puts up our blood pressure. Raised blood pressure (hypertension) is the major factor which causes strokes, heart failure and heart attacks, the leading causes of death and disability in the UK. Salt can also exacerbate the symptoms of asthma, M. Click on our resources section to find our useful factsheets. Small amounts of salt are essential for our health. Adults need less than 1 gram per day and children need even less. As a nation we are all eating approximately 8. The good news is that reducing your salt intake can lower your blood pressure and the risk of disease. In fact right down to 3g per day, the lower the salt intake, the lower the blood pressure. Different groups of people can also have different reasons to keep an eye on their salt intake, click here to see how men, women and children are affected by the salt in their diet. Blood pressure. Blood pressure is the amount of pressure that blood puts on your blood vessel walls as it is pumped around the body. Certain factors such as being overweight, lack of exercise and, in particular, a high salt diet can raise your blood pressure, leading to heart attacks and strokes. A third of adults have high blood pressure, defined as 1. Hg, and many don’t even know they have it as it has no symptoms; your GP will be able to check your blood pressure for you. WHO fact sheet on healthy diet with key facts and information on essential dietary elements, practical advice, salt, sodium and potassium, sugars, health diet. Sites by Individuals. The Paleo Diet Defined is my concise definition of the core paleo diet and the many variations of it. Life Expectancy in the Paleolithic by Ron. I am happy to share the GM diet results after following the 7 day plan. This is my GM diet day 8 and technically speaking, the diet period is over. Small amounts of salt are essential for our health. Adults need less than 1 gram per day and children need even less. As a nation we are all eating approximately 8.1g. Today's table and cooking salt is void of the vital trace minerals that make this Himalayan crystal salt so precious. Crystal salt has spent over 250 million years. It’s a myth that developing high blood pressure is inevitable as you grow older, keeping your salt intake down, watching what you eat and taking exercise will keep it under control. Click here for a fact sheet about Salt and Blood Pressure. Stroke. A stroke usually occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is cut off, reducing the flow of oxygen to the brain, causing cells to die. There are two main types of stroke; ischemic strokes, when a blood vessel becomes blocked, and haemorrhagic strokes, when a blood vessel bursts and bleeds into the brain. Stroke is the third biggest killer in the UK and a leading cause of severe adult disability. High blood pressure is the single most important risk factor for stroke and salt is the major factor that raises blood pressure, salt is therefore responsible for many of these strokes. Hello Hannah, Thanks for the question. I would expect Himalayan salt to be used as efficiently by horses as it is by humans, but because horses receive a diet that is. Stroke is not an inevitable part of aging and many can be prevented by keeping blood pressure under control, through salt reduction, exercise and healthy eating. Click here for a fact sheet about Salt and Stroke. Coronary Heart Disease. Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the term used to describe what happens when the heart’s blood supply is reduced or blocked leading to heart failure and heart attacks. CHD is the UK's biggest killer, with one in every four men and one in every six women dying from the disease. Approximately 3. 00,0. Raised blood pressure is a major risk factor for CHD. It causes the walls of blood vessels to become thick so that the blood vessels become too narrow and can’t carry enough blood to the heart. Over time this can lead to a thickening of the heart muscle, reducing the heart’s ability to pump blood around the body, leading to heart failure - where not enough blood is carried around the body. The thickened blood vessel walls can also lead to clots forming; these clots can block the blood supply to the heart and cause a heart attack. As raised blood pressure is a major risk factor for CHD and salt raises blood pressure, lowering salt intake, losing weight and making other lifestyle changes can dramatically reduce your risk. Click here for a fact sheet about Salt and your Heart. A high salt diet increases the risk of stomach cancer. A quarter of the 7. The bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. Pylori in the stomach will not necessarily cause damage, however salt can damage the lining of the stomach, making it more vulnerable to the effects of H. Men are at a higher risk than women and there are other important risk factors for stomach cancer explained in the fact sheet. Click here for a fact sheet about Salt and Stomach Cancer. Osteoporosis is a condition which causes thinning of bones, making them brittle and prone to breaking. High blood pressure caused by a high salt diet can speed up the loss of calcium from bones, worsening the problem. Older people are most at risk of osteoporosis because bones naturally become thinner as we get older. Postmenopausal women are particularly at risk of bone thinning due to the drop in the hormone oestrogen which normally protects bone health. The Scarsdale Diet plan is one of the most popular diets ever created. The diet achieves your weight loss goals and the creator, Dr Herman Tarnower insists the. Are peanuts healthy? Are peanuts good for you? Do you need to avoid peanuts and peanut butter due to the high fat content? However, men, women and children of all ages need to look after their bone health to avoid osteoporosis later on. Click here for a fact sheet about Salt and Osteoporosis. A quarter of British adults are obese and two thirds are either obese or overweight. Obesity is linked with numerous health conditions such as high blood pressure, diabetes, CHD and sleep apnea. This is a major problem for children and teenagers as a third of the fluids they drink are sugary soft drinks. Kidney stones are a common problem, caused by a build up of calcium in the kidneys. Both a high salt intake and high blood pressure can cause too much calcium to be excreted by the kidneys into the urine, leading to a build up of calcium and therefore kidney stones. They can be very painful and in some cases can lead to kidney disease. The kidneys control fluid balance and blood pressure by controlling the amount of fluid lost from the blood into urine. A high salt diet can disrupt the function of the kidneys and cause high blood pressure, this in turn puts a strain on the kidneys leading to kidney disease. A high salt diet can also cause existing kidney disease to progress faster. People with kidney disease, or at risk due to persistent urinary tract infections or Chrohn’s disease, should reduce their salt intake to avoid exacerbating the condition. Dementia is a loss of brain function that affects memory, thinking, language, judgment, and behaviour. Vascular dementia is a common form of dementia. It is caused by a blocked blood vessel in the brain which occurs after a stroke or a series of mini strokes; around one in three people who have a stroke develop vascular dementia. A high salt intake raises blood pressure, increasing the risk of stroke and therefore the risk of dementia. Good blood pressure control is hugely important in preventing strokes so keeping salt intake down in younger life, along with leading a healthy lifestyle, can be recommended as part of a preventative diet. A high salt intake causes us to retain water, up to 1. Women who find they suffer from bloating may see a benefit from salt reduction and, more seriously, patients already with heart failure, nephrotic syndrome and cirrhosis of the liver, will particularly benefit in a cut in salt intake. Asthma is a common condition which affects 1 in 1. A high salt diet is not thought to cause of asthma, but some studies have shown that it can aggravate symptoms. If your child suffers from asthma, reducing their salt intake may be beneficial in combination with the other treatments for asthma. M. A high salt diet can worsen the symptoms of M. A lower salt diet is thought to be extremely effective in treating M. Salt can raise the risk of developing diabetes by raising blood pressure. People who already have diabetes can also benefit from eating less salt because keeping blood pressure in the healthy range helps to reduce the risk of the long term complications of diabetes. Benefits of a Lower Sodium Diet. Most of the information on nutrition labels can help you stay healthy. Heeding one number in particular - - sodium levels - - just might save your life. Salt, which is sodium chloride, has long been linked to high blood pressure. And high blood pressure, or hypertension, which afflicts nearly one in three Americans, is a leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Blood pressure is the measure of the force of blood against artery walls. When it rises too high, the pressure causes damage to many organs, including heart, kidneys, brain, and even eyes. By 2. 02. 5, predictions suggest, 6. Americans will have high blood pressure. Salt isn’t the only cause of high blood pressure. Lack of exercise, poor diets, and inherited risk also contribute. One group consumed 3,3. Americans. Another limited their intake to just 2,4. The third cut back to only 1,5. Across the spectrum, the less sodium the volunteers consumed, the lower their blood pressure.“The results of the DASH- sodium study proved convincingly that cutting back on sodium even below recommended levels has impressive benefits,” said Christine A. Rosenbloom, Ph. D, RD, professor of nutrition at Georgia State University. Other studies confirm the benefits of a low- sodium diet. In a 2. 00. 3 report that pooled results from a variety of research trials around the world, scientists showed that reducing sodium intake by 1,0. Hg and diastolic blood pressure by 2. Hg in patients with hypertension. Easing off salt reduced blood pressure even in people with what’s considered normal pressure. Continued. Low Salt, Low Sodium = Proven Health Benefits. The ultimate goal, of course, is reducing cardiovascular disease and other complications from hypertension. In a study published in 2. British Medical Journal, researchers at Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston contacted volunteers who had taken part in two studies of low- sodium diets, one done in 1. Our survey showed that many of the participants were still following low- sodium advice,” said epidemiologist Nancy Cook, Sc. D, who led the study. And Cook’s additional findings showed they were the healthier for it. The research team found that reducing sodium slashed cardiovascular disease by 2. The Potassium Connection. Not everyone is sensitive to the blood pressure effects of sodium. Most Americans consume more than the recommended amount of salt, yet the majority does not have high blood pressure. This suggests that other factors are also involved in hypertension risk. One culprit, researchers now believe, is lack of potassium. Potassium deficiency causes cells to take up sodium. That, in turn, causes blood pressure to rise. When volunteers in several studies consumed their usual levels of sodium but cut back on potassium, blood pressure levels jumped by up to 7 points. When they increased their potassium intake, in contrast, blood pressure fell, even when the amount of sodium they consumed remained the same. In the DASH trial, for example, volunteers who consumed the usual amount of salt - - but added servings of fruits and vegetables with potassium - - saw their blood pressure fall significantly. Abundant sources of potassium include bananas, raisins, spinach, chard, milk, potatoes baked with the skin, lima beans, and prunes. What to Look For on the Label. The most perilous combination, experts now say, is a high- salt, low- potassium diet. Unfortunately, that describes the diet that most Americans eat. You can use nutrition facts labels to help you reverse that trend. The nutrition facts label prominently displays sodium, including both the milligrams contained in a serving and how much of your daily value that amount represents. Foods that have 5% of the daily value or less are considered low in sodium. Those with 2. 0% or more are considered high in sodium. Continued. Keep in mind: the label calculates a daily value of 2,3. The DASH- Sodium study showed that cutting back further than that lowers hypertension risk. The less salt you consume, the more likely your blood pressure will remain out of the danger zone. As for potassium, one of the simplest ways to get enough is shop in the produce section of your grocery store. Fruits and vegetables are the leading source of this crucial nutrient. Shopping in the produce aisle has another advantage: you don’t have to worry about reading labels. Sources. SOURCES: Adrogue and Madias, New England. Journal of Medicine, May 1. Sodium and Potassium in the Pathogenesis of. Hypertension.”Sacks et al, New England Journal of Medicine, Jan 4, 2. Effects on blood pressure of reduced dietary sodium and the Dietary Approaches. Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet. DASH- Sodium Collaborative Research. Group.”He and Mac. Gregor, Hypertension, Nov 1. How far. should salt intake be reduced?”Cook et al, British Medical Journal, Apr 2. Long term effects. TOHP).”Linus Pauling Institute Micronutrient Information Center: Potassium. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: ”Lowering Your Blood Pressure. DASH.”. All rights reserved. Dialysis Diet Vegetables Juices Inc BedfordSome dietitians specialize in kidney diets. Your dietitian can also help you create a diet to fit your other health needs. The Kidney Foundation has chapters in most states. It is a good place for people with kidney disease and their families to find programs and information. You need to take in enough calories each day to keep you healthy and prevent the breakdown of body tissue. The purpose of this diet is to keep the levels of electrolytes, minerals, and fluid in your body balanced when you have chronic kidney disease or are on dialysis. AS WE ALL KNOW, the renal diet offers a multitude of challenges for our patients. Multiple diagnoses that include chronic diseases such as diabetes can quickly. Ask your health care provider and dietitian what your ideal weight should be. Weigh yourself every morning to make sure you are meeting this goal. CARBOHYDRATESIf you do not have a problem eating carbohydrates, these foods are a good source of energy. If your provider has recommended a low- protein diet, you may replace the calories from protein with: Fruits, breads, grains, and vegetables. These foods provide energy, as well as fiber, minerals, and vitamins. Hard candies, sugar, honey, and jelly. If needed, you can even eat high- calorie desserts such as pies, cakes, or cookies, as long as you limit desserts made with dairy, chocolate, nuts, or bananas. FATSFats can be a good source of calories. Make sure to use monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fats (olive oil, canola oil, safflower oil) to protect your heart health. Talk to your provider or dietitian about fats and cholesterol that may increase your risk for heart problems. PROTEINLow- protein diets may be helpful before you start dialysis. Your provider or dietitian may recommend a lower- protein diet based on your weight, stage of disease, how much muscle you have, and other factors. But you still need enough protein, so work with your provider to find the right diet for you. Once you start dialysis, you will need to eat more protein. A high- protein diet with fish, poultry, pork, or eggs at every meal may be recommended. This will help you replace muscles and other tissues that you lose. Renal-Friendly Grocery List ahese foods tend to have higher levels of potassium than other foods on this list. T Please consult your dietitian or healthcare provider. Potassium and Chronic Kidney Disease What is potassium and what does it do in the body? Potassium is a mineral that controls nerve and muscle function. Make a decision to juice or to not juice when you know all the pros and cons. Discover the special precautions of juicing with decreased kidney function. What Food Should Diabetic on Dialysis Take. Maintaining a healthy diabetic dialysis diet is. Best Fruits For Dialysis PatientsPeople on dialysis should eat 8 to 1. Your provider or dietitian may suggest adding egg whites, egg white powder, or protein powder. CALCIUM AND PHOSPHOROUSThe minerals calcium and phosphorous will be checked often. Even in the early stages of chronic kidney disease, phosphorous levels in the blood can get too high. This can cause: Low calcium. This causes the body to pull calcium from your bones, which can make your bones weaker and more likely to break. Itching. You will need to limit the amount of dairy foods you eat, because they contain large amounts of phosphorous. This includes milk, yogurt, and cheese. Some dairy foods are lower in phosphorous, including tub margarine, butter, cream cheese, heavy cream, ricotta cheese, brie cheese, sherbet, and nondairy whipped toppings. Fruits and vegetables contain only small amounts of phosphorous, but may contain large amounts of potassium. You may need to take calcium supplements to prevent bone disease, and vitamin D to control the balance of calcium and phosphorous in your body. Ask your provider or dietitian about how best to get these nutrients. Your provider may recommend medicines called . But, as your condition gets worse, or when you are on dialysis, you will need to watch the amount of liquid you take in. In between dialysis sessions, fluid can build up in the body. Too much fluid will lead to shortness of breath, an emergency that needs immediate medical attention. Your provider and dialysis nurse will let you know how much you should drink every day. DO NOT eat too much of foods that contain a lot of water, such as soups, Jell- O, fruit- flavored ice pops, ice cream, grapes, melons, lettuce, tomatoes, and celery. Use smaller cups or glasses and turn over your cup after you have finished it. Tips to keep from becoming thirsty include: Avoid salty foods. Freeze some juice in an ice cube tray and eat it like a popsicle (you must count these ice cubes in your daily amount of fluids)Stay cool on hot days SALT OR SODIUMReducing sodium in your diet helps you control high blood pressure. It also keeps you from being thirsty, and prevents your body from holding onto extra fluid. It is likely that you will need to cut down the sodium in your diet. Look for these words on food labels: Low- sodium. No salt added. Sodium- free. Sodium- reduced. Unsalted Check all labels to see how much salt or sodium foods contain per serving. Also, avoid foods that list salt near the beginning of the ingredients. Look for products with less than 1. DO NOT use salt when cooking and take the salt shaker away from the table. Most other herbs are safe, and you can use them to flavor your food instead of salt. DO NOT use salt substitutes because they contain potassium. People with chronic kidney disease also need to limit their potassium. POTASSIUMNormal blood levels of potassium help keep your heart beating steadily. However, too much potassium can build up when the kidneys no longer function well. Dangerous heart rhythms may result, which can lead to death. Potassium is found in many food groups, including fruits and vegetables. Choosing the right item from each food group can help control your potassium levels. When eating fruits: Choose peaches, grapes, pears, cherries, apples, berries, pineapple, plums, tangerines, and watermelon. Limit or avoid oranges and orange juice, nectarines, kiwis, raisins or other dried fruit, bananas, cantaloupe, honeydew, prunes, and nectarines When eating vegetables: Choose broccoli, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, celery, cucumber, eggplant, green and wax beans, lettuce, onion, peppers, watercress, zucchini, and yellow squash. Limit or avoid asparagus, avocado, potatoes, tomatoes or tomato sauce, winter squash, pumpkin, avocado, and cooked spinach IRONPeople with advanced kidney failure also have anemia and usually need extra iron. Many foods contain extra iron (liver, beef, pork, chicken, lima and kidney beans, iron- fortified cereals). Talk to your provider or dietitian about which foods with iron you can eat because of your kidney disease. Pomegranate Juice Helps Dialysis Patients. Nov. 1. 8, 2. 01. Pomegranate juice has been touted for years as having many health benefits, and now a new study says it can ward off a number of complications in kidney disease patients on dialysis. In a small study in Israel involving 1. Pomegranate juice is known to be a good source of antioxidants. The patients who drank the pomegranate juice showed a reduction in both inflammation and damage caused by free radicals. New Findings Support Previous Research on Pomegranate Juice Benefits. The findings of the study, written by Batya Kristal, MD, FASN, of Western Galilee Hospital in Nahariya, Israel, support previous research that has suggested potent antioxidant properties of pomegranate juice. The scientists say in a news release that other research has shown that patients who drank pomegranate juice showed an improvement in cardiovascular risk factors, such as reduced blood pressure and fewer cardiovascular events. The findings are significant because many kidney disease patients die either from infections or cardiovascular- related causes. The researchers say their findings suggest that pomegranate juice taken in controlled amounts with monitoring of potassium content may help reduce complications in dialysis patients. Patients with chronic kidney disease often need to restrict the amount of potassium in their diet to prevent potassium overload. Epidemic of Kidney Disease Expected in the Next 1. Years“Considering the expected epidemic of . The findings should be considered preliminary as they have not yet undergone the . All rights reserved. |